Alan Kay 最高

Alan Kay 昨天在 Hacker News 做了一次 AMA(無限制問答活動),有很多精彩的討論。我想特地摘出一條。網友 guelo 問:您在一九七零年代構想未來的電腦時似乎很重視其教育功能,但今天顯然電腦作為娛樂工具的角色超越了一切。「有沒有什麼介面可以引導大腦,讓它盡量遠離那些最糟糕的本能衝動,用到更有生產力的地方?」

Kay 答曰(為幫助大家瞭解背景,我在譯文里加了三個鏈接和注釋):

We were mostly thinking of ‘human advancement’ or as Engelbart’s group termed it ‘Human Augmentation’—this includes education along with lots of other things. I remember noting that if Moore’s Law were to go a decade beyond 1995 (Moore’s original extrapolation) that things like television and other ‘legal drugs’ would be possible. We already had a very good sense of this before TV things were possible from noting how attractive early video games—like SpaceWar—were. This is a part of an industrial civilization being able to produce surpluses (the ‘industrial’ part) with the ‘civilization’ part being how well children can be helped to learn not to give into the cravings of genetics in a world of over-plenty. This is a huge problem in a culture like the US in which making money is rather separated from worrying about how the money is made.

(當時我們思考的主要是「人類的進化」,或者用 (Doug) Engelbart 小組的說法,「人類的增強」——這包括教育,但也包括很多別的東西。我記得當時有想,如果摩爾定律在一九九五年之後還能繼續前進十年(摩爾原本的發想),類似電視和其它「合法毒品」一類的東西就會成為可能(譯者:這裡是指在計算設備上成為可能)。看到早期的電腦遊戲有多好玩後(例如 Spacewar),我們就知道一定會這樣,雖然當時電視之類的東西還沒出現。(譯者:也是指尚未在電腦上出現。)這就是工業文明生產盈餘的體現(「工業」就是這個意思),而「文明」則是指電腦可以如何幫助小朋友在一個過度豐富的世界學習對抗基因本能帶來的慾望。這一點對於美國這樣的文化是個大問題——我們基本把賺錢和如何賺錢這兩件事分割開來了。)

還能說什麼呢?Alan thought about these 30 years ago,而今天,王路先生認為品味很大程度上由基因決定。

緊接著,網友 stcredzero 問了關於音樂有沒有可能從現在的「遊戲化」機制(gamification)里取經,而遊戲化機制本身會不會有更正向的、用以提升人類智性活動效能的用法。Kay 給了一個非常古典,但毫不過時的回答:

I certainly don’t think of music along these lines. Or even theater. I like developed arts of all kinds, and these require learning on the part of the beholder, not just bones tossed at puppies.

(我當然不會從這個角度去想音樂。戲劇也不會。我喜歡各類藝術,觀看藝術需要學習,這不是一個給小狗丟骨頭的過程。)